川滇块体北-东边界活动构造带运动学转换与变形分解作用   总被引：7，自引：4，他引：3  

陈桂华  徐锡伟  闻学泽  王亚丽 《地震地质》2008,30(1):58-85

青藏高原周缘活动构造带的定量运动学研究对于理解整个高原演化是一项基础性工作。利用数字摄影测量技术和区域气候-地貌-构造对比分析的年代学方法,获取了川滇块体北-东边界活动构造带内主要断裂的运动学定量数据,发现多个断裂段作为走滑活动为主的断裂在局部存在中心对称的倾向滑动分量。据矢量分析方法,将川滇块体北-东边界活动构造带及其相邻块体作为一个区域性构造系统,利用构造带内主要断裂的运动学定量数据,分析了构造带横向上的构造运动学转换关系和纵向上的变形分解作用,确定出贡嘎山隆起区存在6·2mm/a的具有透入分布式的垂直隆升速率、安宁河谷东侧台地内侧存在倾滑速率至少1·45mm/a、以逆冲为主的活动断裂。定量地建立了川滇块体北-东边界构造转折带和东边界构造带的变形分解模式,进而建立了川滇块体北-东边界活动构造带及其相邻块体组成的区域性构造系统的定量运动学模型  相似文献   

Predicting global landslide spatiotemporal distribution： Integrating landslide susceptibility zoning techniques and real-time satellite rainfall estimates   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

Yang HONG  Robert F. ABLER 《国际泥沙研究》2008,23(3):249-257

Landslides triggered by rainfall can possibly be foreseen in real time by jointly using rainfall intensity-duration thresholds and information related to land surface susceptibility. However, no system exists at either a national or a global scale to monitor or detect rainfall conditions that may trigger landslides due to the lack of sufficient ground-based observing network in many parts of the world. Recent advances in satellite remote sensing technology and increasing availability of high-resolution geospatial products around the globe have provided an unprecedented opportunity for such a study. In this paper, a framework for developing a preliminary real-time prediction system to identify where rainfall-triggered landslides will occur is proposed by combining two necessary components： surface landslide susceptibility and a real-time space-based rainfall analysis system （http：//trmm.gsfc.nasa.gov）. First, a global landslide susceptibility map is derived from a combination of semi-static global surface characteristics （digital elevation topography, slope, soil types, soil texture, land cover classification, etc.） using a GIS weighted linear combination approach. Second, an adjusted empirical relationship between rainfall intensity-duration and landslide occurrence is used to assess landslide hazards at areas with high susceptibility. A major outcome of this work is the availability for the first time of a global assessment of landslide hazards, which is only possible because of the utilization of global satellite remote sensing products. This preliminary system can be updated continuously using the new satellite remote sensing products. This proposed system, if pursued through wide interdisciplinary efforts as recommended herein, bears the promise to grow many local landslide hazard analyses into a global decision-making support system for landslide disaster preparedness and mitigation activities across the world.  相似文献   

Quantitative studies of hydrocarbon loss of the Silurian bitumen sandstone in the Tarim Basin     

《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2008,(Z2)

The evolution of Tarim Basin experienced several tectonic movements,of which Caledonian movement caused a serious damage to reservoirs of Silurian. The earlier reservoirs size and the later hydrocarbon loss are two key factors to exploration prospect of Silurian. On the basis of net thickness of bituminous sandstone and recovery coefficient of crude oil converting to bitumen,the scale of the hydrocarbon loss of palaeo-accumulation in bitumen sandstone of Silurian was calculated (86.30×108t). The deter-mination of net thickness of bitumen sandstone was completed mainly by several methods,such as physical property demarcation,observing lithology,grains with oil inclusion (GOI) technology,and quantitative grains fluorescence (QGF) technology. The samples of black sandstone and white sand-stone were collected and compared by means of the methods mentioned above. The results showed that there was little hydrocarbon,or none,in the white sandstone. The recovery coefficient was ob-tained by the analyses of plentiful physical parameters of crude oil and bitumen sandstone,based on the hypothesis that nonhydrocarbon compounds and bitumen were invariable in the process of bitu-men forming. The calculated result,which is more scientific and actual,indicates the exploration pros-pect is more promising in Silurian of the Tarim Basin.  相似文献   

微量元素模拟限定大别造山带中生代花岗岩类的源岩成分   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

徐启东 《现代地质》1997,11(1):48-57

摘 要　 大陆碰撞造山带中花岗岩浆主要是因下部地壳缺乏流体熔融过程而形成的。对其源 岩成分限制而进行的微量元素模拟不仅要考虑源岩和熔体中有关矿物相比例的变化‚还要考 虑熔融过程中源岩矿物相组合的变化‚并选择合适的元素用于模拟。Rb、Sr、Ba 和 REE 模拟 结果显示‚上溪群杂砂岩作为扬子隆起带中生代花岗岩类的源岩是不合适的：大别隆起带中 的中生代花岗岩类也不可能完全由大别杂岩中的 TTG 质片麻岩熔融形成‚更可能是变基性岩 和 TTG 质片麻岩构成的复合源岩熔融的结果。  相似文献   

Ecological risk assessment for ballast water introductions: A suggested approach   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Hayes  K. R. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》1998,55(2):201-212

  相似文献   

利用WSBV的引物扩增中国对虾的杆状病毒DNA     

汪岷  苏冬梅  包振民  邵济钧  戴继勋 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1998,(4)

利用台湾报道的ＷＳＢＶ的ＰＣＲ引物,成功地扩增出了１４００ｂｐ左右的中国对虾的杆状病毒的ＤＮＡ片段,与预计的产物长度吻合。该引物对经初步离心处理的病虾组织也能扩增出特异性ＤＮＡ条带,而对正常虾组织ＤＮＡ、昆虫杆状病毒（ＡｃＭＮＰＶ）ＤＮＡ进行扩增,均获得阴性结果。说明该引物的特异性较高,对中国对虾的杆状病毒的检测具有一定的实际应用价值。实验结果同时说明ＷＳＢＶ与中国对虾的杆状病毒有同源序列存在,具有一定的保守性;用该引物进行的ＰＣＲ扩增为中国对虾的杆状病毒与其他相关病毒的比较研究提供了一种技术手段。  相似文献   

现行黄河口冲淤特征和作用机制   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈彰榕  杨作升  赵晓燕 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1998,(1)

根据１９７６年１０月至１９８８年９月连续１３年的黄河口滨海区的水深测量资料,运用水文学和数学方法进行规范化处理,采用计算机技术定量计算出冲淤量,给出冲淤的等厚度图。并分析黄河口淤积中心的变化与入海位置的关系及其冲淤特征和作用机制  相似文献   

潮间浅滩泥沙运移的现场观测和冲淤量的估算     

臧启运 《海岸工程》1998,17(3):18-23

首先介绍了在潮间浅滩观测泥沙远移的两种新工具──标志桩和沉沙盘的基本结构、工作原理和使用方法。然后通过实例阐明了利用标志桩、沉沙盘观测资料研究潮间浅滩冲淤变化及冲淤量估算的途径及方法。  相似文献   

SZ-1型同位素X射线荧光分析仪分析多金属结核中锰铁钴镍铜   总被引：8，自引：5，他引：3  

张学华  吉昂  卓尚军  陶光仪 《岩矿测试》1999,20(2):124-127

采用低分辨率能量色散Ｘ射线荧光分析仪和偏最小二乘法对太平洋多金属结核中的Ｍｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｃｏ、Ｎｉ和Ｃｕ等元素进行了现场分析,并对所用仪器的性能和方法的可靠性作了评价。方法经国家级标准物质验证,其测定值与标准值相符,ＲＳＤ（ｎ＝４２）各元素均小于１．０％,分析结果满足现场分析中矿物品位的测定要求。  相似文献   

用旋喷冒浆测控旋喷体液固含量及喷射直径   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2  

韦讲汉 《煤田地质与勘探》1999,27(6):69-72

对旋喷体进行定量分析是十分必要的。本文以实践经验,结合数学方法对话地浆进行定量分析,以确定旋喷体的液固含量、旋喷孔口冒浆量、旋喷喷射直径,取得了好的效果。  相似文献